In Huangdi Neijing (Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon), specifically in Suwen (Plain Questions), chapter Siqi Tiaoshen Dalun (Great Treatise on Regulating the Spirit in Accordance with the Four Qi), the term she sheng (nurturing life) denotes adjusting one’s way of life in accordance with the climatic transformations of the four seasons in order to preserve health. This concept emphasises that human beings should follow the laws of nature, promoting physical and mental well-being through harmony with the seasonal movements of yin and yang. The chapter systematically expounds the interaction between the body’s physiological activities and the external environment throughout the year, and sets forth corresponding principles of health preservation.

In spring, which governs engendering and effusion, emphasis is placed on regulating the spirit and engaging in moderate physical activity. The text advises one to “stroll freely in the courtyard”, encouraging outdoor movement to facilitate the ascending and dispersing of yang qi, while maintaining an open and optimistic disposition and avoiding depression or constraint.

In summer, the guidance is “not to be averse to the sun”, meaning one should not excessively avoid warmth but receive appropriate exposure to sunlight. At the same time, emotional equilibrium should be maintained, avoiding extreme joy or anger, thereby supporting the functional activities of the heart.

In autumn, the teaching advocates “retiring early and rising early, in harmony with the crowing of the cock”, adapting to the gradual shortening of daylight. One should keep the mind calm and settled, refrain from overthinking, protect the lung, and guard against the dryness characteristic of the autumn season.

In winter, it is advised to “retire early and rise late, waiting for the sunlight”. The mind should remain tranquil and inwardly composed, unnecessary outdoor activity should be reduced, and exposure to cold should be avoided. This preserves kidney qi and safeguards the body’s internal yang qi during the season of storage.

These methods of seasonal regulation aim to guide individuals in adjusting their daily routines and emotional states in accordance with the cyclical transformations of nature, thereby achieving the goal of longevity and well-being. The way of nurturing life proposed in the Huangdi Neijing is therefore not merely practical advice on health maintenance, but a crystallisation of classical wisdom that embodies the principle of harmony between humanity and nature.